The research reveals that dormant genes on the X chromosome may 'reawaken' in older females, potentially enhancing cognitive resilience compared to their male counterparts.

Experiments demonstrated that increasing PLP1 activity led to improved cognitive performance in both male and female mice, suggesting a protective effect.

This study underscores the importance of examining sex chromosomes to better understand cognitive aging and the potential health benefits for all genders.

The research utilized genetically modified lab mice, specifically by crossing two subspecies to observe gene activity related to the silenced X chromosome.

A recent study led by researchers from the University of California, San Francisco, has uncovered significant insights into how the X chromosome influences brain aging and cognitive function.

Future research will delve into the implications of this gene reactivation in conditions like dementia and its relationship with menopause-related cognitive changes.

Among the notable genes studied, PLP1, which is crucial for myelin production and efficient neuron signal transmission, was found to be more active in older female mice than in males.

Published on March 5, 2025, the findings identified 22 genes that were reactivated with age, particularly in the hippocampus, an area vital for memory.

Human data also indicated greater PLP1 activation in older women than in older men, suggesting that similar mechanisms may be at play in humans.

Interestingly, research indicates that females generally exhibit lower rates of dementia compared to males, despite their longer life expectancy, although Alzheimer's presents an exception due to longer survival rates in affected females.