Diabetes mellitus is a prevalent global metabolic disorder, and managing carbohydrate-digesting enzymes like α-glucosidase (α-Glu) is crucial for controlling blood glucose levels.

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is characterized by insulin resistance and β-cell dysfunction, necessitating improved management strategies to control postprandial hyperglycemia.

Molecular docking identified emodin and luteolin as potent inhibitors of α-glucosidase in the extracts.

This study investigates the inhibitory mechanism of polyphenol-rich rose extracts (REs) against α-glucosidase using multispectral and molecular docking techniques.

Natural compounds, particularly polyphenols, have gained interest for their potential benefits in diabetes management, especially in glucose homeostasis.

The rose extracts demonstrated an inhibitory effect on α-Glu activity with an IC50 value of 1.96 µg/mL, which improved to 1.33 µg/mL when REs were pretreated with tri-frequency ultrasound.

Current antidiabetic drugs, which inhibit α-amylase and α-glucosidase, can cause side effects, prompting the search for safer alternatives.

Asphodelus microcarpus extracts present a promising natural compound source for managing T2D and preventing related infections.

The Lineweaver–Burk assay revealed that REs act as mixed-type inhibitors of α-Glu, affecting the enzyme's conformation and microenvironment.

The extracts' non-cytotoxic nature and ability to reduce oxidative stress in cell models further support their potential for diabetes management.

Ethanolic extracts from various parts of Asphodelus microcarpus significantly inhibit α-glucosidase, with IC50 values up to 25 times lower than acarbose, while exhibiting low α-amylase activity.

Diabetic patients are also susceptible to yeast infections, notably from Candida spp., due to abnormal sugar levels that promote fungal growth.