Conversely, in water-scarce areas where soil pH is 8.5 or higher, biochar with a pH of 6 or lower applied at rates exceeding 80 tons per hectare proves most beneficial.

Phosphorus availability is critical for plant growth, yet often limited in soils, particularly acidic ones where it binds to minerals, making it less accessible.

Recent research underscores the urgent need for environmentally friendly alternatives to mineral fertilizers, which can adversely affect ecosystems.

In regions with ample water, a mixed biochar with a pH of 6-8 applied at rates of 41-80 tons per hectare has been found to be optimal.

Findings from the study provide valuable insights into the application of biochar for enhancing agricultural practices and improving soil health.

The study revealed that a specific treatment combining biochar and phosphogypsum significantly reduced cadmium levels in soil and edible parts of Chinese cabbage, while also increasing the fresh weight of the cabbage.

The research emphasizes the role of microbial interactions and organic amendments in sustainable agricultural practices, particularly in mitigating salinity effects on crop yields.

The potential of novel recycled fertilizers, specifically biobased nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers, is highlighted as a means to enhance nutrient cycles in sustainable agriculture.

Organic amendments were shown to effectively improve soil conditions, leading to enhanced nutrient availability and better vegetation growth.

Field trials demonstrated that biological treatments at reduced fertilizer doses can enhance crop yield and quality, while also improving microbial activity in the soil.

Returning organic materials to fields is crucial for improving soil carbon sequestration and promoting agricultural sustainability.

The study calls for further research to fully harness the potential of microorganisms in achieving food security and enhancing environmental health.