Biochar application reduced nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions by 35.9%–65.7% during vegetable cultivation in Subtropical China.

The same biochar treatment increased vegetable yields by 16.1% compared to traditional chemical nitrogen fertilizers.

In a separate research on pecan plants, biochar with bacterial strain N33 (BM) significantly improved plant biomass, height, and nutrient absorption.

BM treatment in pecan plants also resulted in higher levels of chlorophyll, soluble sugars, and proteins.

The use of BM enhanced soil quality and boosted microbial diversity, including fungi and bacteria in the rhizosphere.

The findings from both studies suggest biochar as a sustainable alternative to synthetic fertilizers, with benefits to plant growth and soil health.