Sirtuin-3 (SIRT3) is a crucial deacetylase located in mitochondria, playing a significant role in regulating mitochondrial function and maintaining homeostasis.

SIRT3 is implicated in various cardiovascular diseases, including diabetic cardiomyopathy, hypertension, and stroke, underscoring its importance for heart and brain health.

Research shows that SIRT3 interacts with over 84 mitochondrial proteins and is linked to multiple diseases, including cardiovascular, neurodegenerative, and metabolic disorders, making it a promising therapeutic target.

The article reviews the roles of SIRT3 in cardiovascular, cerebrovascular, and neurodegenerative diseases, aiming to guide future research on pathogenic mechanisms and therapeutic strategies.

Current treatments for cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases primarily focus on symptomatic relief rather than addressing the underlying disease mechanisms.

The SIRT family in mammals consists of seven isoforms, with SIRT3 specifically involved in metabolic regulation, mitochondrial autophagy, and redox homeostasis.

Clinical applications of SIRT3 are currently under investigation, with some activators reaching clinical trial stages, indicating progress towards potential treatments.

Research indicates that SIRT3 may extend lifespan and is referred to as the 'longevity protein', suggesting its potential in anti-aging therapies.

As of 2019, 523 million individuals globally suffered from cardiovascular diseases, with projections indicating that dementia cases could reach 153 million by 2050.

Upregulation of SIRT3 could help maintain mitochondrial homeostasis, making it a promising target for therapeutic interventions in cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases.