A recent study focuses on vegetation net primary productivity (NPP) in the Yellow River Basin (YRB), emphasizing its importance for green development and human well-being.

The research investigates gross primary productivity (GPP) of China's terrestrial ecosystems, analyzing its spatial and temporal dynamics from 1982 to 2018 using remote sensing and ecosystem models.

The study found that the scale of impact from various factors on NPP varies significantly over time, with relative humidity showing a particularly large influence due to the YRB's arid climate.

The average net ecosystem productivity (NEP) in the area was measured at 289 gC-m²-a⁻¹, indicating a clear growth trend over time.

Using Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) data, the results showed that 90.1% of the TRB experienced an increase in NDVI from 2000 to 2022, with an overall trend of 0.032 per decade.

The YRB is vital for China's economy, contributing 13.26% to the GDP, but it faces significant challenges like severe water scarcity and increasing demand for water, energy, and food.

These challenges have prompted government initiatives aimed at ecological protection and sustainable development in the basin.

Precipitation and NDVI significantly impacted evapotranspiration (ET) changes across the continental United States, highlighting the interconnectedness of climate factors.

The findings underscore the necessity for accurate ET estimation to manage water resources effectively, conserve forests, and respond to climate change.

Urbanization has exacerbated drought conditions, particularly in central regions like Xi'an and the Loess Plateau, negatively affecting vegetation growth.

Ultimately, the study aims to provide policymakers with quantitative insights for ecological conservation in the YRB, guiding tailored policy combinations that enhance ecological protection and promote high-quality development.

Climate change is identified as a primary driver of increasing temperatures, significantly influencing vegetation dynamics and ecosystem health.