In Bucha and Irpin, Ukrainian authorities discovered hundreds of civilian bodies showing signs of execution, prompting criminal charges against 21 Russian soldiers for war crimes and drawing international condemnation.

The United Nations has reported over 12,600 civilian deaths since the conflict escalated in February 2022, with increasing casualties attributed to dangerous tactics employed by Russian forces, including 'double-tap' strikes that target rescuers.

Since the invasion began, Ukraine has documented over 150,000 cases of potential Russian war crimes, underscoring the extensive scale of alleged atrocities.

A particularly egregious case involves the unlawful deportation of nearly 20,000 Ukrainian children to Russia, which has led to arrest warrants for Russian President Vladimir Putin and children's affairs official Maria Lvova-Belova issued by the International Criminal Court.

Under the command of General Sergei Surovikin, Russian forces have targeted civilian infrastructure, including power plants, resulting in further arrest warrants against Russian military officials for war crimes.

One of the deadliest attacks on civilians occurred on April 8, 2022, when a missile strike on the Kramatorsk train station killed at least 58 people, with evidence pointing to Russian responsibility.

The execution of Ukrainian soldier Oleksandr Matsiyevskiy, who was killed after proclaiming 'Glory to Ukraine' while in captivity, highlights severe violations of international law concerning the treatment of prisoners of war.

Yuriy Byelousov, a war crimes investigator in Ukraine, has emphasized the critical need for documenting these crimes to ensure future accountability, despite the current lack of justice.