The relationship between the US and China has significantly deteriorated, raising concerns about a potential nuclear arms race in East Asia.

In response to this tension, US President Joe Biden has shifted America's nuclear strategy to focus on the perceived threat from China's expanding nuclear arsenal.

China's defense ministry has dismissed the US characterization of its nuclear capabilities, accusing Washington of a 'double standard' regarding nuclear proliferation.

Despite ongoing diplomatic efforts between the US and China regarding nuclear arms control, previous dialogues have failed to yield significant progress.

The first official nuclear arms control dialogue since 2018 took place on November 6, 2023, ahead of Biden's meeting with Chinese President Xi Jinping during the APEC summit.

However, despite the resumption of these talks, no concrete outcomes were achieved, and no follow-up discussions were scheduled.

Since 2019, there have been attempts to explore semi-official dialogue channels, including a track two nuclear arms dialogue in March.

Meanwhile, the US and UK are increasingly concerned that Russia may be sharing sensitive information and technology with Iran, potentially enhancing Iran's nuclear weapon development capabilities.

This cooperation between Iran and North Korea could involve the exchange of strategic technologies, further complicating the nuclear landscape.

Adding to these tensions, North Korea has disclosed its undeclared uranium enrichment sites for the first time since 2010, raising alarms about its nuclear arsenal, which is estimated to exceed 60 weapons.