Graphene, a groundbreaking material that celebrates its 20th anniversary on October 22, 2024, has transformed research and applications across various fields.

As the world's first two-dimensional material, graphene consists of a single layer of carbon atoms arranged in a hexagonal lattice, making it exceptionally thin and strong.

It is renowned for its remarkable properties, being stronger than steel and more conductive than copper.

Their pioneering work earned them the Nobel Prize in Physics in 2010, highlighting the significance of this discovery.

The material was first isolated in 2004 by Professors Sir Andre Geim and Sir Kostya Novoselov at the University of Manchester, using a simple method involving sticky tape.

Biomedical applications are also being explored, including targeted drug delivery and advanced energy storage solutions for renewable energy.

The Graphene Engineering Innovation Centre aims to translate graphene research into commercial products, further bridging the gap between innovation and market application.

The original research paper published by Novoselov et al. has since influenced numerous studies in material science and nanotechnology.

Despite the initial excitement surrounding graphene, challenges in large-scale manufacturing have hindered its widespread adoption.

However, researchers like Prof. James Baker believe the field is nearing a 'tipping point' for effective utilization of graphene.

Even a small addition of 0.1% graphene to materials like rubber or concrete can significantly enhance their properties, improving strength and durability.

In construction, graphene's ability to improve concrete strength not only enhances durability but also reduces carbon dioxide emissions by decreasing the need for cement.