The controversy surrounding Professor David Miller began when an employment tribunal ruled that his anti-Zionist views, which he argues are rooted in a belief in settler-colonialism, are worthy of respect in a democratic society.

The tribunal's extensive 120-page judgment stated that beliefs equating Israeli actions against Palestinians to apartheid and genocide qualify for protection under equality law.

Judge Rohan Pirani emphasized that while many may disagree with Miller's political and historical analysis, his views are genuinely held beliefs that meet the criteria for philosophical belief.

The tribunal previously concluded that Miller was discriminated against for his anti-Zionist beliefs, which were differentiated from antisemitism.

This ruling is significant in the ongoing debate about the relationship between anti-Zionism and anti-Semitism, providing legal protection for those criticizing Israel.

Miller defended his views by stating that Jews are economically advantaged and overrepresented in power, while also denying that Jews face discrimination.

An independent review commissioned by the university concluded that Miller did not express hatred towards Jews, although his statements were found offensive to many.

Miller, who joined the University of Bristol in 2018, faced backlash for his controversial views on Zionism, which he claims led to his dismissal for gross misconduct.

Despite being cleared of formal charges, Miller's compensation for unfair dismissal will be halved due to his email statements contributing to his dismissal.

The university claimed Miller lacked responsibility and care in his statements, which ultimately led to his termination.

Miller stated that the tribunal ruling sets a vital precedent, encouraging others to engage in discussions about Zionism without fear of repercussions.

The tribunal's decision clarifies the distinction between Zionism as a political ideology and anti-Jewish racism, highlighting a broader trend where pro-Palestine academics face punitive actions.