Researchers at QuTech, in collaboration with Fujitsu and Element Six, have achieved a significant milestone in quantum computing by developing quantum gates with error probabilities below 0.1%.

This groundbreaking achievement was made possible through the demonstration of a universal set of quantum gates on a diamond quantum chip, with some gate operations achieving error rates as low as 0.001%.

The collaboration between Fujitsu Limited and QuTech marks a pivotal advancement towards practical quantum computing, particularly for diamond spin qubits.

Diamond spin qubits are formed from electron and nuclear spins tied to atomic defects, providing robustness against noise and the ability to operate at higher temperatures, up to 10 Kelvin.

To minimize errors, the researchers utilized ultrapure diamonds with a lower concentration of carbon-13 isotopes and designed gates that effectively decouple the spin qubits from environmental noise.

The team employed 'gate set tomography' to accurately characterize and optimize the quantum gates, allowing for systematic identification of errors and fine-tuning of parameters.

This achievement is crucial for the future of large-scale quantum computation, as it enables basic operations to be performed with minimal errors, essential for effective error correction.

The successful implementation of this technology is vital for quantum error correction and fault-tolerant quantum computing (FTQC), which are necessary for reliable quantum systems.

Despite this progress, challenges remain in scaling quantum computing, particularly in maintaining gate quality while integrating more qubits and developing chip-scale technologies.

Looking ahead, Fujitsu plans to develop a prototype diamond spin quantum computer, moving closer to practical applications in quantum computing.

The QuTech research effort aims to further advance quantum computing by exploring improved qubit technologies, control electronics, scalable fabrication methods, and new architectures through collaboration among scientists, engineers, and industry.

The findings from this research were published in the journal Physical Review Applied on March 21, 2025, highlighting significant progress in quantum gate precision.