This breakthrough paves the way for the development of molecular quantum computers, which could leverage the complex structures of molecules for enhanced computational capabilities.

Future experiments will aim to improve the stability and accuracy of this molecular quantum computing setup, potentially leading to further innovations in the field.

Funding for the study was provided by organizations such as the Air Force of Scientific Research and the National Science Foundation, underscoring the significance of this research.

Harvard scientists have achieved a significant breakthrough in quantum computing by successfully trapping molecules to perform quantum operations.

This groundbreaking research marks the first time ultra-cold polar sodium-cesium (NaCs) molecules have been utilized as qubits, which are essential for quantum information processing.

The study highlights the importance of trapping molecules in ultra-cold environments to control their complex internal structures and mitigate disruptive movements.

Historically, molecules were not used in quantum computing due to their complex structures, which posed challenges in control compared to simpler particles.

The research team successfully entangled two molecules, achieving a two-qubit Bell state with an impressive accuracy of 94% through precise manipulation of their relative rotation.

Central to this experiment was the creation of an iSWAP gate, which is crucial for generating entanglement, a property that enhances quantum computing capabilities.

Quantum computing exploits the principles of quantum mechanics, promising speeds exponentially faster than traditional computing, with potential applications across various fields including medicine and finance.

Senior co-author Kang-Kuen Ni emphasized that this achievement is the culmination of 20 years of research in the field, showcasing the dedication of the team.

The research team comprised members from Ni's lab and physicists from the University of Colorado, highlighting a collaborative effort in advancing quantum technology.