Researchers at the Helmholtz Center for Infection Research have developed a novel vector vaccine using murine cytomegalovirus (MCMV) to deliver genetic information for the coronavirus spike protein.

The MCMV vector is non-replicating and safe for humans, enhancing the safety profile of the vaccine while combining the high immunogenicity of natural infections.

First reported in 2022 by Prof. Luka Cicin-Sain and his team, the MCMV-based vaccine has shown promising immunogenicity and protection against COVID-19.

Research indicates that the vaccine can maintain a stable concentration of antibodies for at least six months after a single dose, potentially offering even longer protection.

The long-lasting protection of the MCMV vaccine is thought to arise from the virus's ability to hide in niches within the host, stimulating the immune system repeatedly.

Established COVID-19 vaccines provide robust initial protection, but their efficacy wanes quickly, leading to the need for booster shots, which can contribute to vaccine hesitancy.

The MCMV-based vaccine not only increases circulating antibodies but also mobilizes CD8+ T-cells, which are crucial for recognizing and combating infected cells.

Interestingly, the vaccine generates antibodies against both the original SARS-CoV-2 spike protein and variants like Omicron, suggesting an enhanced immune response to mutations.

The immune response elicited by the vaccine includes specific antibodies and CD8+ T cells that contribute to long-lasting immunity post-vaccination.

The MCMV vector's high capacity for gene insertion allows for the development of combination vaccines targeting multiple diseases, such as COVID-19 and influenza.

Recent studies involving national and international partners demonstrate that the vaccine elicits lasting immune responses and antiviral protection in mouse models.

The findings of this research are published in the journal Frontiers in Immunology, showcasing the potential of the MCMV-based vaccine as a long-term solution against COVID-19.