Researchers at the University of Copenhagen have developed innovative 'super stem cells' that are younger and more versatile than traditional stem cells, which could significantly enhance treatments like in vitro fertilization (IVF).

These super stem cells are particularly effective in forming the vitelino sac, a crucial component for successful embryo implantation, making them a promising tool for improving IVF outcomes.

Assistant professor Robert Bone explains that a dietary change in the cells' culture medium rejuvenates them, allowing for better differentiation into various cell types, including liver, nervous, and skin cells.

The study found that replacing glucose with galactose in the culture medium alters the energy production of stem cells, leading to a more primitive and effective state that enhances their differentiation capabilities.

This metabolic shift not only improves the cells' ability to interpret genetic instructions but also activates a protein associated with cell aging, enhancing DNA interactions and reducing genetic noise.

Professor Joshua Brickman noted that these super stem cells not only demonstrate superior functionality but also maintain their condition for longer periods due to the simple dietary modification.

The research team aims to leverage these metabolic changes to improve embryo cultivation in IVF, potentially increasing implantation rates and overall treatment success.

Beyond fertility applications, these findings could advance regenerative medicine, offering new treatment possibilities for conditions such as Parkinson's disease, heart failure, liver cirrhosis, osteoporosis, and diabetes.

Remarkably, this advancement does not rely on complex genetic modifications or expensive technologies; instead, it utilizes a straightforward nutritional change.

However, some experts, like Ángel Raya Chamorro from Idibell, express caution, suggesting that the claims regarding human treatment applications may be overstated and require further validation through human trials.

Overall, this study highlights a novel approach to enhancing stem cell function through dietary changes, paving the way for significant advancements in cellular therapies and regenerative medicine.

The process of using galactose promotes a more efficient energy generation method known as oxidative phosphorylation, which supports both cell health and differentiation.