Recent attempts at informal talks to resolve the conflict have failed, indicating that a resolution is unlikely without the involvement of key external actors.

Cultural boycotts and protests against the UAE, which has been accused of supporting the RSF, could pressure the country to reconsider its involvement in the conflict.

More than 11 million people have been forced to flee their homes, with nearly 2.95 million seeking refuge in neighboring countries like Chad and South Sudan.

Currently, around 26 million people in Sudan face severe food insecurity, with famine declared in the Zamzam displacement camp in Darfur.

While the autumn harvest may provide temporary relief from food shortages, the long-term outlook for food security remains grim as both factions continue to target aid volunteers.

Sudan's civil war began on April 15, 2023, fueled by a power struggle between the Sudan Armed Forces (SAF), led by Gen Abdel Fattah al-Burhan, and the paramilitary Rapid Support Forces (RSF), commanded by Gen Mohamed Hamdan Dagalo, known as Hemedti.

The United Nations has described the ongoing conflict as one of the worst humanitarian crises in history, resulting in tens of thousands of deaths and displacing millions.

The strategic importance of Darfur and the RSF's historical control of the region are central to the conflict, which is marked by deep-rooted issues stemming from past violence and human rights abuses.

Both the SAF and RSF have been accused of committing war crimes, including indiscriminate attacks and targeting civilians, exacerbated by foreign governments supplying arms to these factions.

The United States has specifically labeled actions by both factions as war crimes, with the RSF facing accusations of crimes against humanity and ethnic cleansing.

Amidst the violence, approximately 25 million civilians are facing starvation tactics, and disease outbreaks, including cholera, are rampant due to the destruction of health services.

The Democratic Bloc, which includes armed movements and factions loyal to the Muslim Brotherhood, has complicated the peace process by supporting the military and the coup.